Sains Malaysiana 53(7)(2024): 1661-1676
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2024-5307-14
Preparation
and Optimization of Polyaniline /Titanium Dioxide /Carboxymethyl Cellulose
Powder for Effective Nickel Adsorption
(Penyediaan
dan Pengoptimuman Serbuk Polianilin /Titanium Dioksida / Karboksimetil Selulosa
untuk Penjerapan Nikel Berkesan)
MICHELLE LI-YEN LEE1,
ISHAK AHMAD2 & SOOK-WAI PHANG1,*
1Department of Physical Science, Faculty of Applied
Science, Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology (TAR
UMT), Jalan Genting Klang,
Setapak, 53300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
2Polymer
Research Centre (PORCE), Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science
and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor,
Malaysia
Diserahkan: 14 Mac 2024/Diterima: 11 Jun 2024
Abstract
Hexanoic acid-doped polyaniline (PAni) is a great
potential candidate to replace conventional adsorbent towards the removal of
heavy metal waste from electroplating industry, especially nickel (Ni). In this
study, different weight % (wt %) of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and
carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) are added to form PAni composites with enhanced Ni
removal efficiency. All the synthesized samples were examined with FTIR,
UV-Vis, conductivity measurement, XRD, TGA, and FESEM to confirm their chemical
structures, oxidation states, electrical conductivity, crystallinity and
incorporation of metal oxide, thermal stability, and surface morphology,
respectively. Among the different samples, PAni / TiO2 20 %
exhibited the highest Ni removal efficiency of 37.5 %. Upon further addition of
CMC, PAni / TiO2 / CMC 5 % showed the highest Ni removal efficiency
of 89.08 %. Optimization of the experimental parameters were conducted and a
maximum Ni removal efficiency of 97.88 % was achieved at pH 10, 30 min contact
time at a temperature of 30 °C, and with an adsorbent dosage of 0.01 g. This
study shows that the composite of PAni / TiO2 / CMC 5 % shows good
potential to be applied as adsorbent of the removal of Ni ions.
Keywords: Adsorption;
carboxymethyl cellulose; nickel; polyaniline; ternary composite
Abstrak
Polianilin (PAni) yang
didopkan dengan asid heksanoik merupakan calon yang berpotensi besar untuk
menggantikan penjerap konvensional ke arah penyingkiran sisa logam berat,
terutamanya nikel (Ni), yang berasal daripada sisa industri penyaduran
elektrik. Dalam kajian ini, % berat (berat %) titanium dioksida (TiO2)
dan karboksimetil selulosa (CMC) yang berbeza telah digunakan untuk memperoleh
komposit PAni yang mempunyai kecekapan penyingkiran Ni yang dipertingkatkan.
Semua sampel yang disintesis telah diperiksa dengan FTIR, UV-Vis, ukuran
kekonduksian, XRD, TGA dan FESEM untuk mengesahkan struktur kimia mereka,
keadaan pengoksidaan, kekonduksian elektrik, kehabluran dan penggabungan oksida
logam, kestabilan terma, dan morfologi permukaan masing-masing. Antara sampel
yang berbeza, PAni / TiO2 20 % menunjukkan kecekapan penyingkiran Ni
yang tertinggi iaitu 37.5 %. Selepas penambahan CMC, PAni / TiO2 /
CMC 5 % menunjukkan kecekapan penyingkiran Ni yang tertinggi iaitu 89.08 %.
Pengoptimuman parameter uji kaji telah dijalankan dan kecekapan penyingkiran Ni
maksimum sebanyak 97.88 % telah dicapai pada pH 10, 30 minit masa sentuhan pada
suhu 30 °C dan dengan dos penjerap sebanyak 0.01 g. Kajian ini menunjukkan
bahawa komposit PAni / TiO2 / CMC 5 % menunjukkan potensi yang baik
untuk digunakan sebagai penjerap penyingkiran ion Ni.
Kata kunci: Karboksimetil selulosa; komposit ternari; nikel; penjerapan; polianilin
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email:
phangsw@tarc.edu.my
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